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Navicelli channel
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Navicelli channel : ウィキペディア英語版
Navicelli channel

The Navicelli Channel is a channel built between 1563 and 1575 to connect Pisa with the port of Livorno. The name originates from the so-called ''navicelli'', small sized Tuscan boats that transported goods on the channel across the Pisan plain from Lake Bientina to the area of Empoli.
== History ==

In the 16th century, the mouth of the Arno river was a wetland affected by strong sea currents. For this reason, and because of a need to connect the new port of Livorno to the Tuscan capital of Florence, a channel was designed and built between the seaport and Pisa during the reign of Cosimo I de'Medici.
The excavation cost only 5,000 shields. The channel was opened to river traffic in 1603 and had a length of 22 km, 18 m and a depth of 1.50 m.
Later main changes were made in Livorno, where the building of the ''Scolmatore dell'Arno'' channel imposed a new mouth for the Arno river before it entered the port itself, and in Pisa, where corresponding to the mercantile harbor of Pisa a new Incile was built further south than the dock of Pisa and buried at the end of the 20th century, while a long stretch of the canal in Livorno was buried in the district of Tower to make room for a wide straight road, resulting in the relocation of the channel port.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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